Liner packing sleeve



Feb, 2@, 1934-. A J. M. SHIMER 2 LINER PACKING SLEEVE Filed'Dec. 8, 1931 INVENTOR Patented Feb. 20, 1934 v iJNITEo STATES PATENT OFFICE,

. 1.1mm PACKING SLEEVE Application Decembcr a, 1931. Serial No. 579,686

Claim.

This invention relates to a packing sleeve for sealing'the space between inner and outer members. More particularly, this invention relates to a packing sleeve for insertion between a pump I cylinder and a liner therefor. 5

In a double-acting pressure pump, a valve chamber is provided at each endof the pump. Leakage of fluid from oneend of the-pump to the other not only reduces the efliciency of the i0 pump, but also has a tendency to scour out a passage between the two valve chambers. When such, a pump is used for handling abrasive fluid such as mud fluid containing grit and sand, a liner for the cylinder is customarily employed.

ll Due to the character of the abrasive fluid which is being pumped, the liner soon becomes worn and replacement of the liner is frequent if the pump is in active service.

Due to the necessity for frequent replacement of the liner, the same cannot be hermetically sealed to the cylinder bore by the ordinary expedients. Consequently, it is necessary to employ packing to make a tight connection between theliner and cylinder and prevent the leakage of fluid from the valve chamber at one end of the cylinder to the valve chamber at the other end of the cylinder. Should this packing fail to stand up under the pressure generated in the valve chambers, leakage occurs; and, os- 30 pecially in the case of slush pumps handling abrasive fluid of the character above mentioned, a passage is cut in the metal from one valve chamber to the other, thus damaging the pump and, in some instances, rendering the same useless I 35 for further service.

One object of my invention is to provide a packing sleeve serviceable for sealing the space between inner and outer members under such exacting conditions as above described. A tur- 0 ther object of my invention is to arrange packing in a counter-bore in a pump cylinder in such fashion that a tight seal'is effected. As one illustrative embodiment exhibiting the principles of my invention, I have shown in the drawing a sleeve substantially M-shaped in crosssection. It will be understood that the broadest aspects of my invention are not limi ed to the exact shape shown in the drawing, but that the broad principles of my invention may be embodied in packing sleeves of other shapes in accordance with the teachinghereinafter given. Moreover, the particular means described for positioning the liner in the cylinder are merely a illustrative; and my improved packing sleeve is I adapted to be used with high efficiency in sealing with other positioning means.

In the drawing in which such illustrative embodiment is shown,

Fig. 1 is a view in longitudinal section through 00 the valve chamber at one end of a pump, the liner being in position to lightly engage the packing sleeve; 7

Fig. 2 is a viewsimilar to Fig. 1 but illustrating the packing sleeve under compression due 05' to the movement inwardly of the liner whereby the packing sleeve is compressed;

Fig. 3- is a detail view showing the M-shaped cross-section of the packing sleeve illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawing; and

Figs. 4 and 5 are views similar to Fig. 3 of modifled forms of packing sleeves.

The particular pump cylinder, liner therefor, and ring for positioning the liner, are those shown in my Patent No. 1,860,484, May 31, 1932. As more fully described in said patent, the pump cylinder 5 is formed with a bore 6 through which extends a liner 7. The bore of the liner '7 is of suitable cross-section to receive a piston 8. The end of the bore 6 communicates with a valve chamber 10, the flow of fluid to and from this chamber being controlled by valves of suitable construction. A discharge valve 11 is shown at the top oi the figure. An opening 13 in align-- ment with the bore 6 affords an entrance through which the liner and piston'may be inserted. This opening is normally closed by a plate or cap 14 which is made fluid tight by packing 15.

As described more in detail in the above mentioned application, the liner '7 is held in place by adjusting screws 17 mounted in a ring 18. This ring is formed with portions for engaging an inwardly facing seat 19 adjacent the opening 13. When the ring 18 has been inserted through the opening 13, turned into alignment with its seat 19, and brought against the said seat 19, the screws 1'? may be adjusted to force home the liner 7.

Adjacent the end of the bore 6 is a counterbore 21; and a shoulder 22 is accordingly tormed between the bore 6 and the bore 21. In the count- 'er-bore 21 is disposed a packing, sleeve for sealing the space between the inner member, name-'- ly, the liner 7, and the outer member, namely, the cylinder 5. This packing sleeve is made oi. flexible material such as rubber, and comprises a portion which is deformable when the sleeve is compressed against the shoulder 22. Preterably, this deformable portion is diagonally arranged, whereby such longitudinal compression 9 of the sleeve will cause the deformable portion to engage the liner 7 or cylinder 5, or both, and provide a fluid-tight seal. This portion of the packing sleeve may be more readily deformed if the same is attenuated, that is to say, of less thickness than that of the cross-section of the space provided by the counterbore. The sealing action may be increased by providing a contacting portion 23 for hearing against either the deformable portions 24 and 25 extending diagonally toward the shoulder22 and toward the valve chamber 10 respectively. When the sleeve is compressed longitudinally, these deformable portions effect a seal in the manner shown in Fig. 2. Additional sealing against leakage is provided by members 26 and 27 disposed at the ends of the diagonally extending portions 24 and 25. It will be apparent from Fig. 3 that the preferred form of my improved'packing sleeve is substantially M-shaped in cross-section. This sleeve may be made all in one piece, or the portions 23, 24, 25, 26 and 2'7 may be made'as separate rings, these separate rings being assembled in place in the counterbore to form a packing sleeve whose parts cooperate to effect the desired seal between the cylinder 5 and the liner 6.

The contacting portion may bear against the cylinder, in which case a.. cross-section of the packing sleeve will be a mirror image of the crosssection of the packing sleeve shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Such a packing sleeve is shown in Fig. 4 and is w-shaped in cross-section. In Fig. 4 the parts corresponding to the parts shown in Fig. 3 are given the same number with a prime affixed thereto.

In Fig. 5 is illustrated a still further modification of packing sleeve embodying the principles of my invention. This packing sleeve comprises a deformable portion 31 which extends diagonally between end portions 32 and 33.

In order to compress the sleeve, a peripheral flange or collar 29 is carried by the end of the liner 6. Accordingly, when the liner 6 is forced inwardly by the screws 17, the sleeve is compressed within the counterbore. The length of the sleeve when free isgreater than the length of the same when effecting the seal between the liner and the cylinder. Where the flange 29 is not adapted to enter the counterbore, the length of the sleeve when free should be greater than the depth of the counterbore; but the flange 29 may be so designed as to enter the counterbore to any desired extent, and in such case the length of the sleeve may be correspondingly shortened. In any event, the volume of the sleeve under compression will be such as to substantially fill the portion of the counterbore not occupied by the liner and its fiange when the latter is pressed home against the shoulder at the end of bore 6. It will be seen that endwise pressure on the packing sleeve will, due to thediagonal portions 24, 25, cause an intensified pressure at the areas of contact between the sleeve and the liner on the one side and the sleeve and the cylinder on the other side. The sleeve is analagous to a column under compression, being loaded at the opposite ends of the diagonal portions 24 and 25. The same is true of the diagonal portions 24" 25' and of the diagonal portion 31.

compressive forces. Moreover, the liner 6 may vary slightly in outside diameter without c u g liner as in Fig. 3, or the cylinder as in Fig. 4, and

by the bead on the flange 29.

This arrangement of the portions of the packing sleeve provides an effective seal without the application of excessive a failure of the seal between the packing and the liner. Moreover, the flange 29 may be brought firmly to rest against the shoulder 30. This is of importance due to the reciprocation of the piston 8 within the liner 7, since the forces rising out of the fluid pressuresgeneratedinthe chambers 10 at the two ends of the cylinder and the friction between the piston and liner require that the liner '7 be secured fast against endwise movement,

In order to improve the seal at the ends of the packing sleeve, the portion 26 is made substantially the same in cross-section as the space be tween the liner 7 and the cylinder 5. When the packing sleeve is compressed, the end portion 26 is pressed tight against the shoulder 22 and a perfect sleeve insured. At the other end, the portion 27 is in engagement with the flange 29. Preferably, the portion of the flange 29 in engagement with the portion 27 of the sleeve is formed as a raised bead.- In the particular 1 form shown in the drawing, this bead is of corresponding cross-section to the portion 27 and fits within the counterbore. Moreover, this bead is ridge-shaped andwedges itsway into the end portion 27, spreading the same into sealing conv tact with both the liner '7 and the outer wall of the counterbore. When the w-shaped sleeve is employed, the end portion 26 engages the shoulder 22 and the end portion 27' is engaged When the N- shaped sleeve i" employed, the end portion 32 engages the shoulder 22 and the end portion 33 is engaged by the flange 29 to compress the sleeve and deform the diagonal portion 31. I

It will be apparent from the above description that the diagonal portions 24 and 25, 24 and. 25'. and 31 respectively are conducive of firm sealing contact between the sleeve and the'members between which the seal is to be formed. The ends of these diagonal portions will, when the sleeve is compressed lengthwise, make tight sealing. engagement with one or the other of the two members. The desired result is accomplished by deforming the packing sleeve and not by placing the total volume of the sleeve under compression. One important advantage derived from this is the firm contact between the flange or collar 29 and the shoulder 30. It is accordingly apparent that I have provided an improved packing sleeve which cooperates in an improved manner with a cylinder and a liner for the bore of the cylinder to prevent leakage of fluid longitudinally of the liner between the same and the cylinder.

While I have illustrated three specific forms -of packing sleeve and have shown the same employed for sealing a particular arrangement of members of a pump, it will be understood that the invention is not restricted to the particular 185 construction or arrangement shown, but may be variously modified within the contemplation of the invention and under the scope of the following claims. 7

I claim: a

1. A packing sleeve for sealing an annular space between fixed inner and outer surfaces which comprises annular end portions and a deformable annular intermediate portion of greater length and less thickness than said end portions and extending from one end portion to the other, the diameter of the inner and outer surfaces of said intermediate portion varying between said end portions slightly to deform inwardly and outwardly under axial compression.

2. A packing sleeve for sealing an annular space between fixed inner and outer cylindrical surfaces which comprises annular end portions and an intermediate portion extending from one end portion to the other and of less thickness than length and radially thinner than said end portions and having its inner and outer surfaces slightly tapered to deform radially under axial compression.

3. A packing sleeve for sealing an annular space between fixed inner and outer. cylindrical surfaces which comprises annular end portions and an intermediate portion extending from one end portion to the other and of less thickness than length and radially thinner than said end portion and having its inner and outer surfaces slightly tapered from the inner cylindrical surface of one end portion to the outer cylindrical surface of the other end portion to deform radially under axial compression.

4. A packing sleeve for sealing an annular space between fixed inner and outer cylindrical surfaces which comprises annular end portions and an intermediate portion extending from one end portion to the other and of. less thickness than length and radially thinner than said end 7 portion and having its inner and outer surfaces slightly tapered in reversed conical surfaces within a -space of .less radial thickness than length to deform radially-under axial compression.

5. In combination, a cylinder having a counterbore; a flanged cylindrical liner fixed in said cylinder and forming with said counterbore an elongated annular space; and a packing sleeve normally of less radial thickness and of greater axial'length than said annular space confined in said annular spacersaid packing sleeve comprising substantially cylindrical end portions having peripheral surfaces substantially coaxial with said counterbore, and an intermediate portion having an external and internal peripheral surface disposed at an angle to said cylindrical end portions, said intermediate portion being adapted to be deformed by axial compression upon con flnement in said annular space, said deformation causing said intermediate portion to bend and contact the cylindrical wall of both said cylinder and liner.

6. In combination, a cylinder having a counterbore; a flanged cylindrical liner fixed in said cylinder and forming with said counterbore an elongated annular space; and a packing sleeve normally of less radial thickness, and of greater axial length than said annular space confined in and contact the cylindrical wall of both said cylinder and liner, the external and internal peripheral surfaces of the intermediate portion of said sleeve being disposed at an angle to the cylindrical walls of both. said cylinder and liner when deformed by said axial compression.

'7. The combination of claim 5 in which the radial thickness of said end portions is greater than the radial thickness of said intermediate portion. v

8. The combination of claim 5 in which said intermediate portion has surfaces of frusto-conical shape arranged symmetrically to a plane intermediate said end portions.

9. The combination of claim 5 in which said intermediate portion tapers from one end portion to the other.

10. The combination of claim 5 in which said end portions are'of greater radial thickness than said intermediate portion and in which said intermediate portion has frusto-conical surfaces arranged symmetrically relative to a transverse plane intermediate said end portion.

JOHN M. SHIMER. 

